What does the Fourth Amendment protect against?

The Fourth Amendment is a crucial component of the United States Constitution that specifically guards against unreasonable searches and seizures. This protection is foundational in ensuring that individuals have a right to privacy and security in their persons, houses, papers, and effects. The amendment requires that warrants be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause, thus establishing a limit on government power regarding how and when they can conduct searches and seize property.

While the other options relate to rights and protections under different amendments, they do not capture the explicit scope of the Fourth Amendment. For instance, unreasonable arrests and detentions can be connected to the protections against unlawful seizures, but the Fourth Amendment itself directly addresses searches and seizures. Unreasonable interrogations are generally covered under other constitutional protections, such as the Fifth Amendment, which ensures the right against self-incrimination. Therefore, the choice emphasizing unreasonable searches and seizures is the most accurate representation of the Fourth Amendment’s specific protections.